What will Happens during Premenstrual Syndrome?
Premenstrual syndrome, a common cycle disorder in young and middle-aged women, is characterized by emotional and physical symptoms that consistently occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Women with more severe affective symptoms were classified as premenstrual dysphoric disorder. (health line)
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a recurrent luteal phase condition characterized by physical, psychological, and behavioral changes in women of sufficient severity to cause deterioration of interpersonal relationships.
Some women get PMS for the first time in their teens or 20s. Others don't get it until they are in their 30s. Premenstrual syndrome symptoms may get worse in your late 30s and 40s, as you approach perimenopause. Most women experience breast tenderness, bloating, and muscle aches for a few days before they start their period. It is a normal premenstrual symptom.
When this interferes with your everyday life, it is called premenstrual syndrome. PMS can affect your body, your mood, and the way you act in the days leading up to your period.
PMS is a combination of emotional and physical symptoms that a woman experiences after ovulation and before the start of her menstrual period. PMS occurs in the days following ovulation because levels of the hormones progesterone and estrogen begin to drop dramatically if you are not pregnant. PMS symptoms will appear within a few days after a woman starts menstruating, when hormone levels begin to rise again.
Most women experience breast tenderness, bloating, and muscle soreness a few days before they start their period. These are normal premenstrual symptoms.
Premenstrual syndrome is defined as a psychotic neuroendocrine disorder with biological, psychological, and social parameters. Symptoms are divided into 2 categories: physical and psychological, and PMS can be considered a periodic repetition of a combination of disturbing, physical, psychological, and behavioral changes during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, which can disrupt family, social, work. and activity
Premenstrual Syndrome Causes
What causes premenstrual syndrome is not known for certain, but several factors can cause this condition:
- Changes in hormonal cycles.
Premenstrual syndrome signs change with hormonal fluctuations and disappear with pregnancy and menopause.
- Chemical changes in the brain
Fluctuations in serotonin, a brain chemical (neurotransmitter) that is thought to have an important role in influencing mood, can trigger PMS symptoms. Insufficient amounts of serotonin can lead to premenstrual depression, as well as tiredness, food cravings and sleep problems.
- Depression.
Some women with severe premenstrual syndrome develop undiagnosed depression, although depression alone doesn't cause all the symptoms.
Risk Factors for Premenstrual Syndrome
PMS is more common in women of reproductive age and white. A risk factor is something that can increase a woman's chances of developing a health problem. Women can get STDs with/without any of the listed below. The chances are greater in women who have a lot.
Genetics
There is a genetic basis for hormonal sensitivity that seems to be at work in PMDD. Women with PMDD experience changes in one of the complexes of genes that control how they respond to estrogen and progesterone. This finding may be valid if you have PMDD. It provides concrete scientific evidence that something biological and outside of your control is causing your mood swings.
Obesity
Increased body mass index or BMI is associated with PMS. A BMI > 27.5 confers a significantly higher PMS risk than a BMI < 20. A significantly higher BMI is associated with symptoms of back pain, swelling of the extremities, and abdominal cramping (Bertone-Johnson 2010). A survey of 874 women found that those who were obese had a 2.8 times higher risk of PMS (Masho 2005). A higher BMI has also been linked to PMDD (Yen 2010).
Immune Activation and Inflammation
Mood disorders linked to the immune system, infections and other causes of systemic inflammation can trigger worsening symptoms in patients with mental health problems.
Preliminary research in this area suggests that women with more significant premenstrual symptoms may have an increased inflammatory response during the luteal phase compared with women with minimal symptoms. The association between PMDD and inflammation, however, remains unclear.
Psychological Risk Factors
Stress, experiencing trauma, or experiencing post-traumatic depressive disorder increase a woman's likelihood of developing PMDD. There is also evidence that women who experience discrimination throughout their lives, including gender and racial discrimination, are more likely to experience PMDD.
Women with PMS were more than 3 times more likely to report significant childhood trauma than those without STDs.
Women with mental illness may experience an exacerbation of their condition during the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle.
Smoking and Alcohol Consumption
Women who smoke have twice the risk of developing STDs, while those who start smoking before the age of 15 have more than 2.5 times the risk, compared to women who have never smoked. Former smokers who smoked 25 cigarettes or more per day had a 1.8-fold higher risk of developing STDs than women who had never smoked. Smoking more over a longer period of time also increases your risk of STDs.
A woman with premenstrual syndrome drank significantly more alcohol servings per week, both before and after menstruation, than those without PMS. Women who drank ten or more alcoholic beverages per week in their postmenstrual phase were significantly more likely to experience moderate to severe PMS.
Lifestyle Risk Factors
Some women with PMDD have a history of exposure to significant stressors, such as a history of childhood emotional, physical, or sexual abuse. Stress can also trigger or make symptoms worse. The correlation between worsening of PMDD symptoms and stress is currently an active area of investigation.
There is a relationship between ALLO and the stress response in women with PMDD. ALLO usually increases in times of acute stress and has a calming effect. Experimental studies show that the response of ALLO to acute stress is reduced upon exposure to stress.
Of course, the possible association between your stress response and PMDD supports reasonable first-line treatment interventions for PMDD, including lifestyle modification and stress reduction.
Premenstrual Syndrome Treatment
Several lifestyle changes will help you feel better.
- Get lots of exercise.
- Consume a variety of healthy foods, especially calcium-rich foods, including whole grains, protein, low-fat milk, fruits and vegetables.
- Reduce caffeine, alcohol, chocolate and salt.
- For pain, try aspirin, ibuprofen (such as Advil or Motrin), or another anti-inflammatory medication.
There is some evidence that the onset of premenstrual syndrome is stress related; However, several studies have explored the role of traumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as risk factors for the development of premenstrual dysphoric disorder or PMDD.
Herbal Remedies For Premenstrual Syndrome
Herbal medicine has a role in treating premenstrual symptoms. A recent systemic review of all randomized controlled trials using an extract of vitex agnus castus fruit, also known as chasteberry, concluded that it is a safe and efficacious treatment for PMS/PMDD symptoms.
Although the RCTs examined had slightly different chasteberry administration and outcome measures, the review found that chasteberry should be considered, particularly for symptomatic relief of somatic PMS. Systemic reviews and other meta-analyses indicate that there is sufficient room for bias in this study, and further research is needed in this area.
In one study, gingko biloba was found to improve PMS symptoms, particularly breast pain and fluid retention. Although preliminary evidence suggests that evening primrose oil may be a useful PMS treatment, a recent review of studies found it to be no more effective than a placebo.
When Should You Call a Doctor?
Contact your doctor if your premenstrual symptoms:
- Causes you significant stress or discomfort, making it difficult for you to function in daily life.
- Interfere with your personal relationships If you feel you are in danger, or endangering yourself or others, call your doctor for an emergency.
Summary
Premenstrual syndrome has a variety of signs and symptoms, including mood swings, tender breasts, food cravings, tiredness, irritability and depression. It is estimated that 3 out of 4 menstruating women have experienced some form of premenstrual syndrome.
PMS symptoms tend to repeat themselves in predictable patterns. But the physical and emotional changes you go through with premenstrual syndrome can vary from mild to intense.
However, you shouldn't let these problems control your life. Treatments and lifestyle adjustments can help you reduce or manage signs and symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.